We’re going to start by trying to formulate a few hypotheses for some hypothesis tests. For each scenario, specify the null hypothesis H0 and the alternative hypothesis H1. (a) You have two samples of leaves from two different species of trees. You want to prove that, on average, the chlorophyll content (the chemical needed for photosynthesis) is different between the two species of trees. (b) You have all of the text from J. R. R. Tolkien’s books, and all of the text from all of the works of Enid Blyton. You want to show that their writing styles are different, so you collect the distribution of the lengths of their sentences in characters. (c) I have three different painters, and I have a digital version of each piece of their artwork. I want to test whether or not there is any relationship between the painter and the amount of red paint they use (which we could calculate by averaging the R value for RGB across all of their artworks).

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