as a student of PhD, based on the title "Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Spirit and Innovation Capability on the Competitive Advantage. A Quantitative Study among Manufacturing Industries in SMEs in Shandong, China", meet the following requirement, design a Questionnaire of research design based on the title. the following paragraph:The questionnaire consists of three main sections: demographic information, entrepreneurial spirit, and innovation capability, followed by questions on competitive advantage. It includes a total of 45 items, with 15 items for each construct and 15 demographic questions.While some items are original, the majority are adapted from well-validated scales. The entrepreneurial spirit section draws from the Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale (Covin & Slevin, 1989), and the innovation capability section is based on the Innovation Capability Scale (Bharadwaj, 2000). The competitive advantage section is an original set of items designed specifically for this study.The questionnaire begins with demographic questions categorizing respondents by age, gender, education level, position, and company size. The subsequent sections contain rating questions on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from “Strongly Disagree” (1) to “Strongly Agree” (5), to assess the constructs of interest.

已完成理解「as a student of PhD, based on the title "Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Spirit and Innovation Capability on the Competitive Advantage. A Quantitative Study among Manufacturing Industries in SMEs in Shandong, China", meet the following requirement, design a Questionnaire of research design based on the title. the following paragraph:The questionnaire consists of three main sections: demographic information, entrepreneurial spirit, and innovation capability, followed by questions on competitive advantage. It includes a total of 45 items, with 15 items for each construct and 15 demographic questions.While some items are original, the majority are adapted from well-validated scales. The entrepreneurial spirit section draws from the Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale (Covin & Slevin, 1989), and the innovation capability section is based on the Innovation Capability Scale (Bharadwaj, 2000). The competitive advantage section is an original set of items designed specifically for this study.The questionnaire begins with demographic questions categorizing respondents by age, gender, education level, position, and company size. The subsequent sections contain rating questions on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from “Strongly Disagree” (1) to “Strongly Agree” (5), to assess the constructs of interest.」